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NABL & ICMRAccreditedThe Kidney Function test (KFT) helps assess kidney health by determining the efficiency of waste clearance from the body. This test screens for a variety of blood components, providing valuable insights for diagnosing kidney diseases, tracking their progression, and evaluating the kidneys' response to medical treatments.
Kidneys play a pivotal role in removing waste and toxins, regulating fluid and electrolyte levels, producing vitamin D, and making hormones such as erythropoietin for red blood cell production and renin for blood pressure control. These vital functions highlight the importance of maintaining healthy kidneys for overall wellness.
The asymptomatic nature of early kidney disease necessitates KFTs for everyone. These tests are vital for the early detection and treatment of kidney issues. Routine KFTs are especially crucial for residents of Noida who have heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, or a family history of renal disease. Since kidney function is essential for preserving general health, people may check it by scheduling a KFT in Noida.
A KFT provides a complete evaluation of kidney health and electrolyte balance. The key parameters assessed are:
Adequate preparation is key for accurate results from a Kidney test at home. Here is what to consider:
Prerequisites
No special preparations are necessary but follow instructions given by your doctor. You may be told to avoid nicotine and to remain NOArated if you have KFT with electrolytes.
Best Time to Get Tested
Fasting is not required, so you can take the test at any time that suits you.
Who Should Get a Kidney Function Test
Recommended for those with a family history of kidney issues, and symptoms of kidney disease. Individuals with chronic conditions like diabetes or hypertension may also consider getting tested.
Cautions Before Taking Kidney Function Test
Inform your doctor about antibiotics or any other medications you are taking, as you may need to stop them if they could impact the test results.
Reasons for getting a KFT include:
Symptoms of Kidney Diseases
Experiencing symptoms of kidney disease such as difficulty in urinating, painful/frequent urination or blood in urine may prompt a KFT to detect kidney disease early for timely intervention.
Electrolyte Balance
KFTs, combined with electrolyte panels, are critical for evaluating kidney health and maintaining the balance of important minerals (such as calcium, sodium, potassium etc.).
Health Conditions
Certain medical conditions like diabetes and hypertension can negatively affect kidney function. In these situations, KFTs become a critical tool for monitoring kidney health. By tracking the results of these tests, doctors can assess the impact of these illnesses and tailor treatment accordingly.
Monitoring Treatment
KFTs play a key role in tailoring treatment plans for various health concerns by offering insights into kidney response.
Assessment of Disease Progression
KFTs help in determining how kidney disease progresses over time, aiding in treatment modifications.
Below are the normal ranges for various test parameters and the conditions that may lead to their deviation:
| Test Parameters | Normal Range | Conditions associated with abnormal levels |
|---|---|---|
| Urea | 19-43 mg/dL (Newborn: 6.5-25.5) | High urea and BUN levels are suggestive of poor kidney function due to acute or chronic kidney diseases, decreased blood flow to the kidneys as in congestive heart failure, shock, stress, recent heart attack or severe burns, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, conditions that obstruct urine flow or deNOAration. Low urea and BUN levels are uncommon and are not usually a cause for concern. Although they are not used to detect or track severe liver disease or malnutrition, they can be observed in these circumstances. Normal pregnancy also exhibits low urea levels. |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) | 6-20mg/dL | |
| Creatinine | 0.66-1.25mg/dL | Creatinine is elevated in kidney damage, infection, urinary tract obstruction, diabetic complications, congestive heart failure, and reduced blood flow to kidneys due to shock. |
| Uric Acid | 3.5-8.5mg/dL | High levels of uric acid are seen in kidney disease, pre-eclampsia, purine-rich food, alcoholism, and side effects of cancer treatment. |
| eGFR | Normal >= 90 Mild decrease 60-89 Mild-moderate decrease 45-59 Severe decrease 15-29 End-stage kidney disease < 15 All values in ml/min/1.73m² | GFR is an important parameter for detecting chronic kidney disease. |
| BUN/creatinine ratio | 10-20 | High BUN/creatinine ratio suggests kidney injury or loss of muscle mass in a critical illness. |
| Sodium | 137 to 145 mmol/L | Sodium levels can increase during deNOAration, a disorder of the adrenal glands, kidney disease, and diabetes insipidus. Low sodium levels are caused by diarrhoea, vomiting, kidney disease, liver failure, Addison’s disease, and malnutrition. |
| Potassium | 3.5 to 5.5 mmol/L | High levels may be due to kidney failure, hypoaldosteronism, metabolic or respiratory acidosis. Low levels may be due to diarrhoea, vomiting, hyperaldosteronism, and the use of diuretics. |
| Calcium | 8.4 to 10.2 mg/dL | Low calcium levels may be due to hypoparathyroidism, kidney failure, pancreatitis, malnutrition, or a disorder in calcium absorption. High calcium levels may be due to hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, sarcoidosis, drugs like diuretics, and excessive calcium supplementation. |
| Phosphorus | 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL | Low phosphorus levels may be used for malnutrition, vitamin D deficiency, overactive parathyroid glands, and severe burns. High phosphorus levels may be seen during impaired kidney function, hypothyroidism, liver disease, and diabetic ketoacidosis (a complication of diabetes) |
| Chloride | 98 to 107 mmol/L | High levels may be due to diarrhoea, Addison's disease, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, and renal tubular acidosis. Low levels may be due to burns, CHF, metabolic alkalosis, vomiting, deNOAration, respiratory acidosis (compensated) |
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