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    What is Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test determines an individual's blood type and Rh factor. Blood type is found through the presence of specific substances, called antigens, on the surface of red blood cells.

    The four principal blood groups are A, B, AB, and O. Blood type is reliant on whether A and B antigens are found on red blood cells and are inherited from one’s biological parents.

    Blood type is also classified as either positive (+) or negative (-) based on the presence of the Rh factor, a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. Individuals who have this protein are referred to as Rh-positive, while those who do not are Rh-negative. Around 85% of people are Rh-positive, making it the most common Rh status.

    The genes responsible for blood type and Rh factor are inherited from both parents, so an individual’s blood type can differ from that of their parents.

    The Blood group test requires only a blood sample, without the need for fasting or special preparations. This test is critical for ensuring compatibility in blood transfusions, organ donations, and pregnancy management.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Parameters

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor Test include the following parameters to evaluate an individual's blood type and Rh status.

    ABO Blood Group : Blood is classified into one of four major groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells:

    Type A

    The A antigen is found on the surface of red blood cells.

    Type B

    The B antigen is found on the surface of red blood cells.

    Type AB

    The A and B antigens are found on the surface of red blood cells.

    Type O

    The A and B antigens are not found on the surface of red blood cells.

    Rh Factor : This parameter determines whether the Rh factor, a protein, is found on the surface of red blood cells:

    Rh-positive

    The red blood cells show the presence of Rh factor.

    Rh-negative

    The red blood cells show the presence of Rh factor.

    Together, the ABO blood group and Rh factor parameters create eight distinct blood types: A positive (A+), A negative (A-), B positive (B+), B negative (B-), AB positive (AB+), AB negative (AB-), O positive (O+), and O negative (O-).

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Preparation

    Before scheduling a Blood Group and Rh Factor Test in Noida, here are a few key points to keep in mind:

    • Prerequisites

    You do not need to fast before the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    • Best Time to Get Tested

    The test can be performed at any time of the day.

    • Who Should Get This Test Done

    This test is advisable for individuals needing blood transfusions, organ transplants, or pregnancy care, as well as for blood donors or those looking to register as donors.

    • Cautions Before Taking This Test

    Typically, no special preparation is required for the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    Why Take the Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    A Blood group test is essential for ensuring safety in procedures such as blood transfusions, organ transplants, and during pregnancy for the following reasons:

    • Safe Blood Transfusions: It is crucial to verify compatibility between your blood type and Rh factor and that of the donor before receiving a transfusion. Incompatible blood can lead to your body rejecting the transfusion and producing antibodies against the donor's red blood cells, resulting in severe complications like haemolysis, shock, kidney failure, and even death.

    • Organ and Tissue Donations: Knowing your blood type and Rh factor is key when donating or receiving organs, tissues, or bone marrow, as it helps match donors and recipients effectively and prevents dangerous reactions.

    • Pregnancy: Blood typing and Rh factor testing are particularly important during pregnancy. If an Rh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive baby, her immune system may attack the baby’s red blood cells, leading to haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). This condition can cause jaundice, anaemia, and other serious issues. By identifying the risk of Rh incompatibility, healthcare professionals can take measures to protect both the mother and the baby.

    Overall, this test helps ensure the safety of organ transplants, blood transfusions, and pregnancies by detecting potential risks and for timely medical interventions.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Results and Interpretation

    The results of the blood group and Rh factor test are interpreted as follows:

    ABO Blood Type: Your results will indicate your ABO blood type. If you have:

    • Type A: You can accept blood donations from individuals with Type A or Type O blood.

    • Type B: You can accept blood donations from individuals with Type B or Type O donors.

    • Type AB: You can accept blood donations from individuals with any ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O). Individuals having Type AB blood are known as universal recipients.

    • Type O: You can accept blood donations from individuals with Type O blood. However, individuals with Type O blood are regarded as universal donors, capable of donating to all other blood groups.

    Rh Factor : The results will show whether you are Rh-positive (Rh+) or Rh-negative (Rh-):

    • Rh-positive (Rh+): You can accept transfusions from either Rh+ or Rh- blood.

    • Rh-negative (Rh-): You can accept transfusions from Rh- blood.

    If a Rh-negative mother carries a Rh-positive baby during pregnancy, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility. This can be managed with an injection of Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to avoid complications in subsequent pregnancies.

    In addition to ABO and Rh types, there are other blood types that can affect compatibility. Cross-matching and Coombs tests are performed to ensure safe transfusions and organ transplants.

    FAQs on Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test in Noida

    The cost of the Blood Group and Rh Factor test is ₹ 180. This includes rapid home sample collection within 60 minutes of confirming the test, with results available in 6 hours.

    Is home sample collection offered for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test? Yes, Orange Health Labs provides home sample collection for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Noida. Your sample can be collected at home within 60 minutes of booking, depending on availability.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test identifies your blood type and Rh status, which is vital for safe blood transfusions, organ donations, and managing complications during pregnancy.

    No, fasting is not required before the Blood Group and Rh Factor test.

    To book a blood test or health check-up through our platform, follow these steps:

    • Find the Test : Search for “Blood Group and Rh Factor test near me” and visit the Orange Health page from the results.

    • Review and Verify : Select the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, check any prerequisites, input your location, and complete the booking by selecting a suitable time for sample collection.

    • Sample Collection : A trained eMedic will visit your home to collect the sample at the agreed time.

    • Laboratory Processing : The sample will be sent to our ICMR-approved and NABL-accredited laboratory for analysis.

    • Receive Results : The results of your Blood Group and Rh Factor test will be delivered to your email or WhatsApp within 6 hours and can also be accessed via our app.

    The results from the Blood Group and Rh Factor test indicate your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and Rh factor (positive or negative). They do not possess measurable levels.

    Once you schedule the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, an eMedic will arrive to collect your sample within 60 minutes. The collection process takes only a few minutes, and your reports will be available online 6 hours of home sample collection.

    You generally only need to undergo the Blood Group and Rh Factor test once, as your blood type does not typically change during your lifetime.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test evaluates your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and your Rh factor (positive or negative).

    Orange Health Labs provides the Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Noida, delivered conveniently to your home without needing a physical laboratory visit. Localities include but are not limited to DLF Phase 1, DLF Phase 2, DLF Phase 3, DLF Phase 4, DLF Phase 5, Sector 14, Sector 15, Sector 21, Sector 22, Sector 23, Sector 24, Sector 29, Sector 31, Sector 40, Sector 42, Sector 43, Sector 45, Sector 46, Sector 50, Sector 51, Sector 52, Sector 53, Sector 54, Sector 55, and Sector 56.

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    References

    1. Cleveland Clinic. Blood Types: Differences, Rarity and Compatibility [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2023.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21213-blood-types
    2. Cleveland Clinic. Rhesus (Rh) factor [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2018.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21053-rh-factor
    3. Rosenkrans D, Zubair M, Doyal A. Rh Blood Group System [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023.  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594252/
    4. National Library of Medicine. Blood typing: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2022.  Available from:  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003345.htm