The Dengue NS1 Antigen ELISA test identifies the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the dengue virus in blood samples. This antigen, representing any foreign material like viruses entering the body, can be detected during the first 7 days of dengue fever, known as the acute phase. Early detection through the NS1 test allows for timely diagnosis and medical intervention.

Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne illness, is triggered by one of the four serotypes of the dengue virus from the genus Flavivirus. Upon being bitten by an infected mosquito, the virus enters the bloodstream and starts replicating. This viral activity and the body's immune response cause dengue fever symptoms. The Dengue NS1 test can detect the virus in blood within the first 7 days of symptom onset. Research indicates that NS1 antigen levels in the blood correlate with disease severity, with higher levels found in severe cases. Therefore, the Dengue Antigen test offers valuable diagnostic insight into dengue infections.

If you live in Mumbai and exhibit symptoms of dengue fever, scheduling a Dengue Antigen test can be crucial. Book your Dengue Antigen test in Mumbai today to determine your dengue status.

Here are key factors to consider before a Dengue Fever NS1 Antigen test:

Prerequisites

No fasting is required for the Dengue NS1 test.

Best Time to Get Tested

The Dengue Antigen test can be performed at any time of day.

Who Should Consider a Dengue NS1 ELISA Test

This test is recommended if you live in or have travelled to an area with a high prevalence of dengue and exhibit recent symptoms such as high fever, rash, muscle and joint pain, pain behind the eyes, nausea, and vomiting.

Cautions Before Taking Dengue NS1 ELISA Test

No special precautions are necessary before taking the Dengue NS1 test.

If you reside in or have travelled to a dengue-prone area and have recently exhibited symptoms of dengue fever, you should take a Dengue NS1 test. Dengue fever symptoms generally appear within 4 to 10 days after a mosquito bite and last for 3 to 7 days. Common symptoms include a sudden high fever of up to 104°F or higher, accompanied by any of the following symptoms:

• Rash

• Nausea and vomiting

• Severe pain behind the eyes

• Headache

• Muscle, bone, or joint pain

If left untreated, some individuals may develop a severe form of dengue called dengue haemorrhagic fever, which can cause bleeding gums, nosebleeds, abdominal pain, frequent vomiting, vomiting blood, blood in stools, and extreme fatigue. The risk of severe dengue highlights the importance of early detection and treatment.

The NS1 antigen is identifiable in the blood during the acute phase of infection, so the NS1 test is performed within the first 7 days of symptom onset. After this period, the test may lose sensitivity in diagnosing dengue.

The Dengue Antigen test therefore aids doctors in early dengue detection, confirming infection, and ruling out other illnesses with similar symptoms.

The interpretation of Dengue NS1 ELISA test findings is explained in the table below:

It is important to note that interference may occur in some cases where the blood sample contains antibodies against test components. For example, during dengue virus testing, cross-reactivity with other Flaviviruses or non-infectious conditions might lead to false-positive results or misinterpretation. Therefore, considering the patient's clinical history is crucial for an accurate diagnosis. Combining NS1 detection with the IgM Antibody test can improve the accuracy of diagnosing dengue infection. The dengue NS1 ELISA is the preferred test within the first 7 days of symptom onset. After 7-10 days, IgG and IgM antibody tests are recommended.