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    What is Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test identifies a person's blood type and Rh factor. The blood type is influenced by the presence of substances, known as antigens, on the red blood cell surfaces.

    The main blood types include A, B, AB, and O. An individual’s blood type is determined by the presence of A and B antigens on their red blood cells and is inherited from their biological parents.

    Blood types are also designated as positive (+) or negative (-) according to the presence of the Rh factor, a protein located on the surface of red blood cells. Those who have this protein are labelled Rh-positive, while those who do not are Rh-negative. Approximately 85% of the population is Rh-positive, making this the most widespread Rh status.

    The genes determining blood type and Rh factor are inherited from both parents, which means an individual’s blood type can sometimes vary from that of their parents.

    The Blood group test requires just a blood sample and does not involve fasting or any specific preparation. This test is essential for ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions, organ donations, and in managing care throughout pregnancy.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Parameters

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor Test assesses the following parameters to identify an individual's blood type and Rh status.

    ABO Blood Group : This parameter classifies blood into one of four main groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells:

    Type A

    Red blood cells contain the A antigen.

    Type B

    Red blood cells contain the B antigen.

    Type AB

    Red blood cells have both A and B antigens.

    Type O

    Red blood cells lack both A and B antigens.

    Rh Factor : This parameter identifies the presence or absence of the Rh factor, a protein found on the surface of red blood cells:

    Rh-positive

    The red blood cells have the Rh factor.

    Rh-negative

    The red blood cells do not have the Rh factor.

    Together, the ABO blood group and Rh factor parameters combine to create eight distinct blood types: A positive (A+), A negative (A-), B positive (B+), B negative (B-), AB positive (AB+), AB negative (AB-), O positive (O+), and O negative (O-).

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Preparation

    Here are a few essential details to know before you book a Blood Group and Rh Factor Test in Mumbai:

    • Prerequisites

    You are not required to fast before the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    • Best Time to Get Tested

    The test can be arranged at any time during the day.

    • Who Should Get This Test Done

    This test is advisable for anyone who requires a blood transfusion, organ transplant, or pregnancy care, as well as for blood donors or individuals looking to register as donors.

    • Cautions Before Taking This Test

    No specific preparation is typically needed for the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    Why Take the Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    A Blood group test is vital for safety during procedures such as blood transfusions, organ transplants, and pregnancy for several reasons:

    • Safe Blood Transfusions: Checking the compatibility of your blood type and Rh factor with the donor's blood before a transfusion is critical. Incompatibility can result in your body rejecting the transfused blood and generating antibodies against the donor’s red blood cells, leading to serious issues like haemolysis, shock, kidney failure, and even death.

    • Organ and Tissue Donations: Knowledge of your blood type and Rh factor is essential when donating or receiving organs, tissues, or bone marrow to ensure appropriate matching and prevent adverse reactions.

    • Pregnancy: Blood typing and Rh factor testing are particularly significant during pregnancy. An Rh-negative mother carrying an Rh-positive baby may have her immune system attack the baby’s red blood cells, resulting in haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). This condition can lead to jaundice, anaemia, and other severe complications. By identifying the risk of Rh incompatibility, healthcare providers can take steps to protect both mother and baby.

    Overall, this test is vital for ensuring the safety of blood transfusions, organ transplants, and pregnancies by identifying risks and allowing for timely medical interventions.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Results and Interpretation

    The interpretation of blood group and Rh factor test results is as follows:

    ABO Blood Type: Your results will indicate your ABO blood type. If you have:

    • Type A: You are eligible to receive blood from Type A or Type O donors.

    • Type B: You are eligible to receive from Type B or Type O donors.

    • Type AB: You are eligible to receive from any ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O). Type AB blood is classified as universal recipient status.

    • Type O: You are eligible to receive Type O blood. Nonetheless, those with Type O blood are classified as universal donors and can donate to any blood type.

    Rh Factor : The results will show whether you are Rh-positive (Rh+) or Rh-negative (Rh-):

    • Rh-positive (Rh+): You can receive both Rh+ and Rh- blood.

    • Rh-negative (Rh-): You may only receive Rh- blood.

    If a Rh-negative mother carries a Rh-positive baby during pregnancy, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility. This can be managed with an injection of Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to avoid complications in subsequent pregnancies.

    In addition to ABO and Rh types, there are other blood types that can affect compatibility. Cross-matching and Coombs tests are performed to ensure safe transfusions and organ transplants.

    FAQs on Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test in Mumbai

    The price for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test is₹ 250. This covers quick home sample collection within 60 minutes post-confirmation, and results will be ready 6 hours.

    Yes, Orange Health Labs offers home sample collection for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Mumbai. Your sample can be collected by an eMedic at home within 60 minutes after you book, subject to slot availability.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test determines your blood type and Rh status, essential for safe blood transfusions, organ donations, and monitoring pregnancy-related issues.

    No, fasting is not needed for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test.

    Follow these steps to book the blood test through our platform:

    • Find the Test : Search for the “Blood Group and Rh Factor test near me” and click on Orange Health’s link from the options.

    • Review and Verify : Select the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, review any requirements, enter your location, and finalise your booking by choosing a convenient time for sample collection.

    • Sample Collection : A qualified eMedic will come to your home to collect the sample at the scheduled time.

    • Laboratory Processing : The sample will be sent to our ICMR-approved and NABL-accredited laboratory for testing.

    • Receive Results : Your Blood Group and Rh Factor test results will be sent to you via email or WhatsApp within 6 hours and will also be accessible through our app.

    The results of the Blood Group and Rh Factor test indicate your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and your Rh factor (positive or negative). These results are not expressed in levels.

    After scheduling the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, an eMedic will arrive to collect your sample within 60 minutes. The collection process itself takes only a few minutes, and your results will be available online within 6 hours of the collection.

    You only need to take the Blood Group and Rh Factor test once, as your blood type is usually stable throughout your life.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test assesses your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) along with your Rh factor (positive or negative).

    Orange Health Labs offers the Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Mumbai, delivered conveniently to your home without needing a physical laboratory visit. Localities include but are not limited Colaba, Churchgate, Nariman Point, Marine Drive, Malabar Hill, Worli, Dadar, Parel, Byculla, Bandra, Santacruz, Khar, Juhu, Andheri, Lokhandwala, Versova, Goregaon, Kandivali, Borivali, Mulund, Bhandup, Ghatkopar, Kurla, Chembur, Vashi, Belapur.

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    References

    1. Cleveland Clinic. Blood Types: Differences, Rarity and Compatibility [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2023.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21213-blood-types
    2. Cleveland Clinic. Rhesus (Rh) factor [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2018.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21053-rh-factor
    3. Rosenkrans D, Zubair M, Doyal A. Rh Blood Group System [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023.  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594252/
    4. National Library of Medicine. Blood typing: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2022.  Available from:  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003345.htm