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NABL & ICMRAccreditedA Thyroid Function test (TFT) evaluates the efficiency of your thyroid gland. This gland is pivotal in producing hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including metabolism, digestion, heart rate, and emotions. If you're experiencing symptoms like irritability, fatigue, or unexplained weight changes, your doctor may recommend a Thyroid test. This test measures the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and tetraiodothyronine (T4), aiding in the diagnosis of conditions like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The comprehensive TFT panel assesses all three hormones in a single session, eliminating the need for multiple appointments.
In the bustling lifestyle of Gurgaon, where stress is a major risk factor for developing chronic diseases like thyroid disorders, it is important to seek regular screenings via TFTs to ensure optimal thyroid health.
The TFTs examine the concentration of specific hormones circulating in your bloodstream. An imbalance in these hormones may indicate the presence of a thyroid disorder. When undergoing a TFT test in Gurgaon, the following three parameters are evaluated:
TSH: As it is a primary indicator of thyroid function, monitoring TSH levels is pivotal. The hormone is produced by the pituitary gland. TSH is responsible for the production of T3 and T4 hormones. Persistent fluctuations in TSH levels can serve as an early warning sign and may signal thyroid issues before hormone levels become severely imbalanced.
T4: The predominant thyroid hormone in circulation, T4 is assessed through a total T4 test. This test measures both bound and free T4, reflecting variations in binding protein levels. While bound T4 remains stored in the bloodstream, free T4 is readily available to enter body tissues.
T3: Another vital hormone synthesised by the thyroid, T3 is primarily derived when T4 is converted in the liver. In cases where hyperthyroidism is suspected but T4 levels appear normal, a T3 test aids in confirming the diagnosis. Testing both T3 and T4 can be beneficial for diagnosing hyperthyroidism, as elevated T3 levels may be present even when T4 levels are within the normal range.
If you have concerns about your thyroid levels, consulting with your doctor and scheduling a TFT test at home is advisable.
Thyroid Function Test (TFT) Test Preparation
Consider the following aspects before undergoing TFTs:
Prerequisites: Fasting is not required for the Thyroid test.
Best Time for Getting Tested: The optimal time for sample collection for TFTs is in the morning. Consistency in scheduling tests at the same time every time you do the test is recommended.
Who Should Do the Thyroid Test: Thyroid issues can affect individuals of any age group. Consider a Thyroid test if you experience symptoms suggestive of thyroid dysfunction, are pregnant, have fertility concerns, or have a family history of thyroid disease. Additionally, if you are already on medication for thyroid hormone regulation, monitoring may be necessary.
Cautions Before Taking Thyroid Test: Several factors can influence Thyroid test results, including the timing of thyroid medication intake, stress levels, dietary habits, and medications or supplements being consumed. Discussing these factors with your doctor prior to the test ensures an accurate interpretation of the results.
Your thyroid gland plays a crucial role in regulating your metabolism, which is essential for converting food into energy that fuels every cell in your body. When the thyroid gland malfunctions, it can disrupt the body's overall function, leading to illness. Symptoms of thyroid disease can vary and may mimic those of other health conditions or normal life stages, making it difficult to pinpoint the exact cause of your symptoms.
Thyroid disorders are generally divided in two categories: hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, each with distinct symptoms. Hyperthyroidism, characterised by an overactive thyroid gland, often presents with symptoms such as excessive sweating, weight loss, nervousness, rapid heartbeat, and increased bowel movements. Conversely, hypothyroidism, marked by an underactive thyroid gland, may cause symptoms like sensitivity to colds, weight gain, muscle aches, fatigue, weakness, slow heartbeat, and constipation. If you experience any of these symptoms or suspect a thyroid issue, undergoing a Thyroid Function test (TFT) is crucial for accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation. Additionally, individuals with specific risk factors such as the following, should consider thyroid testing:
Pregnancy or planning for pregnancy: Thyroid health is vital during pregnancy for both maternal and foetal well-being.
Women undergoing infertility investigations: Thyroid dysfunction can impact fertility and may warrant evaluation.
On thyroid hormone replacement therapy: Regular monitoring is necessary to ensure optimal hormone levels.
Family history of thyroid disease: Genetic predisposition to thyroid disease increases the risk of developing thyroid disorders.
Routine thyroid testing is essential not only for diagnosis but also for monitoring treatment effectiveness and adjusting medication dosages as needed.
Here are the typical ranges for healthy individuals who are not pregnant:
0.400 to 4.049 µIU/mL
For pregnant individuals, the TSH range is as follows:
| Trimester | TSH (µIU/mL) |
|---|---|
| First | 0.100 to 2.50 |
| Second | 0.200 to 3.00 |
| Third | 0.300 to 3.00 |
High Levels : A high TSH level suggests that the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone, known as primary hypothyroidism.
Low Levels : A low TSH level typically indicates an overproduction of thyroid hormone, known as hyperthyroidism.
Time of Meal and Circadian Rhythm: Few studies have shown that TSH levels can fluctuate depending on food intake and the time of day, with notable variations observed throughout the day and in response to eating.
Other Factors: It is important to recognize that TSH is a labile hormone and is subject to non-thyroidal pituitary influences (glucocorticoids, somatostatin, dopamine, etc.), stress, activity, that can disrupt the TSH/free T4 relationship, genetics, poisonous substances and radiation exposure, inflammation of the thyroid gland, deficiency or excess of iodine in the diet, pregnancy, certain medications – antidepressants, cholesterol lowering drugs, chemotherapy drugs, steroids, thyroid cancer.
The normal T4 and T3 levels in non-pregnant individuals are given below:
Total T4: 5.53-11.0 μg/dL
Free T4: 0.78-2.1 ng/dL
Total T3: 0.97-1.69 ng/dL
Free T3: 2.77-5.27 pg/mL
For pregnant individuals, the T4 and T3 range is as follows:
| Trimester | T4 (μg/dL) | T3 (ng/mL) |
|---|---|---|
| First | 7.57 - 8.13 | 1.21 to 1.32 |
| Second | 7.17 - 8.64 | 1.13 to 1.64 |
| Third | 7.07 - 8.44 | 1.16 to 1.51 |
Low Levels : Low levels of T4 and T3 hormones suggest hypothyroidism. This can be caused by Hashimoto's disease, iodine deficiency, inflammation of the thyroid gland, or congenital factors.
High Levels : Elevated levels of T4 and T3 indicate hyperthyroidism. This could be due to factors such as excess iodine in the diet, thyroid gland inflammation, Graves’ disease, or thyroid nodules.
If any of your test parameters show abnormalities, it's recommended to consult with your doctor for better guidance and understanding of your condition.
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