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    What is Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test determines an individual's blood type and Rh factor. Blood type is determined based on the presence of specific substances, called antigens, on the surface of red blood cells.

    The four main blood groups/types are A, B, AB, and O. Blood type is determined by the presence of A and B antigens on red blood cells. Blood type is inherited from one's biological parents.

    Blood type is also categorised as positive (+) or negative (-) based on the presence of the Rh factor, a protein located on the surface of red blood cells. Individuals who possess this protein are classified as Rh-positive, while those who lack it are classified as Rh-negative. Approximately 85% of people are Rh-positive, making it the most common Rh status.

    The genes responsible for determining blood type and Rh factor are inherited from both parents. As a result, an individual’s blood type may sometimes differ from that of their parents.

    The Blood group test requires only a blood sample. There is no need for fasting or any special preparation. This test is crucial for ensuring compatibility in blood transfusions, organ donations, and managing pregnancy care.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Parameters

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor Test measures the following parameters to determine an individual's blood type and Rh status.

    ABO Blood Group : In this parameter, blood is classified into one of four main groups based on the presence or absence of A and B antigens on red blood cells:

    Type A

    Red blood cells contain the A antigen.

    Type B

    Red blood cells contain the B antigen.

    Type AB

    Red blood cells contain both the A and B types of antigens.

    Type O

    Red blood cells have neither A nor B antigens.

    Rh Factor : This parameter determines the presence or absence of the Rh factor, a protein, on the surface of red blood cells:

    Rh-positive

    The Rh factor is present on the red blood cells.

    Rh-negative

    The Rh factor is not present on the red blood cells.

    Together, the ABO blood group and Rh factor parameters combine to create eight distinct blood types. These are A positive (A+), A negative (A-), B positive (B+), B negative (B-), AB positive (AB+), AB negative (AB-), O positive (O+), and O negative (O-).

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Preparation

    Here are a few key points you should know before scheduling a Blood Group and Rh Factor Test in Bangalore:

    • Prerequisites

    You are not required to fast before undergoing the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    • Best Time to Get Tested

    This test can be scheduled at any time of the day.

    • Who Should Get This Test Done

    This test is recommended for anyone needing a blood transfusion, organ transplant, or pregnancy care, as well as for those donating blood or registering as donors.

    • Cautions Before Taking This Test

    No specific preparation is usually needed before the Blood Group and Rh Factor Test.

    Why Take the Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test?

    A Blood group test is essential for safety during procedures such as a blood transfusion or organ transplant and during pregnancy for the following reasons:

    • Safe Blood Transfusions: Before receiving a blood transfusion, it's vital to check the compatibility of your blood type and Rh factor with the donor’s blood. If the blood types or Rh factors are not compatible, your body can reject the transfused blood and produce antibodies against the donated red blood cells, leading to serious complications such as haemolysis, shock, kidney failure and potentially death.

    • Organ and Tissue Donations: When donating or receiving organs, tissues, or bone marrow, knowing your blood type and Rh factor helps match donors and recipients to avoid dangerous reactions later.

    • Pregnancy: Blood typing and Rh factor testing are particularly important during pregnancy. If an Rh-negative mother is carrying an Rh-positive baby, her immune system might attack the baby’s red blood cells, leading to a condition known as haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). HDN can cause jaundice (yellowing of the skin), anaemia (low red blood cells), and other serious complications. By determining the risk of Rh incompatibility, doctors can take steps to protect both the mother and baby.

    Overall, this test helps ensure the safety of blood transfusions, organ transplants, and pregnancies by identifying potential risks and allowing for timely medical interventions.

    Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test Results and Interpretation

    The blood group and Rh factor test results are interpreted as follows:

    ABO Blood Type: Your results will reveal your ABO blood type. If you have:

    • Type A: You can receive blood from Type A or Type O donors.

    • Type B: You can receive blood from Type B or Type O donors.

    • Type AB: You can receive blood from any ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O). Type AB individuals are universal recipients.

    • Type O: You can only receive Type O blood. However, a person with Type O blood is considered to be a universal donor and can donate blood to other blood groups.

    Rh Factor : The results will indicate whether you are Rh-positive (Rh+) or Rh-negative (Rh-):

    • Rh-positive (Rh+): You can receive Rh+ or Rh- blood.

    • Rh-negative (Rh-): You can only receive Rh- blood.

    During pregnancy, if an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive baby, there is a risk of Rh incompatibility. This condition can be managed with an injection of Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) to prevent complications in future pregnancies.

    In addition to ABO and Rh types, there are other blood types as well that may affect compatibility. Cross-matching and Coombs tests are performed to ensure safe transfusions and organ donations.

    FAQs on Blood Group ABO and RH Factor Test in Bangalore

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test price is ₹ 250. This price covers the fastest home sample collection within 60 minutes of test confirmation, with results available in 6 hours.

    Yes, Orange Health Labs provides home sample collection services for the Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Bangalore. Your sample can be collected at home within 60 minutes of booking, subject to slot availability.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test determines your blood type and Rh status, which is crucial for safe blood transfusions, organ donations, and managing pregnancy-related complications.

    No, you are not required to fast for a Blood Group and Rh Factor test.

    Follow these steps to book a blood test or health checkup through our platform:

    • Find the Test : Search for the “Blood Group and Rh Factor test near me” and visit Orange Health’s page from the list.

    • Review and Verify : Select the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, review any prerequisites, enter your location, and complete the booking by choosing a convenient time for sample collection.

    • Sample Collection : A trained eMedic will visit your home to collect the sample at the scheduled time.

    • Lab Processing : The sample will be sent to our ICMR-approved and NABL-accredited laboratory for analysis.

    • Receive Results : The reports of your Blood Group and Rh Factor test at home will be delivered via email or WhatsApp within 6 hours and can also be accessed through our app.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test results indicate your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and Rh factor (positive or negative); they do not have levels.

    Once you book the Blood Group and Rh Factor test, Orange Health Labs will dispatch an eMedic to collect your sample within 60 minutes. The collection process usually takes just a few minutes. You can expect to receive your reports online within 6 hours of sample collection.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test needs to be done only once as your blood type does not typically change in your lifetime.

    The Blood Group and Rh Factor test includes parameters for determining your ABO blood type (A, B, AB, or O) and Rh factor (positive or negative).

    Orange Health offers the fastest Blood Group and Rh Factor test in Bangalore, delivered conveniently to your home without needing a physical lab visit. Localities include but are not limited to Adugodi, Banashankari, Bannerghatta, Basavanagudi, Bellandur, BTM Layout, Chamrajpet, Cottonpet, CV Raman Nagar, Domlur, Electronic City, Frazer Town, Giri Nagar, Hebbal, Hennur, Hosur, HSR Layout, Jakkur, Jalahalli, Jaya Nagar, Kadugodi, Kammanahalli, Kengeri, Koramangala, Mahalakshmi Layout, Madiwala, Magadi Road, Malleshwaram, Marathahalli, Mathikere, Mysore Road, Nagarbhavi, Nandhini Layout, Old Airport Road, Peenya, RT Nagar, Rajaji Nagar, Rajarajeshwari Nagar, Sadashivnagar, Sahakara Nagar, Sanjay Nagar, Sarjapur, Seshadripuram, Shanthi Nagar, Shivaji Nagar, Sri Nagar, Tyagarajnagar, Uttarahalli, Vasanth Nagar, Vidyaranyapura, Vijaya Nagar, Whitefield, Yelahanka, Yeshwantpur.

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    References

    1. Cleveland Clinic. Blood Types: Differences, Rarity and Compatibility [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2023.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21213-blood-types
    2. Cleveland Clinic. Rhesus (Rh) factor [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. 2018.  Available from:  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21053-rh-factor
    3. Rosenkrans D, Zubair M, Doyal A. Rh Blood Group System [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023.  Available from:  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594252/
    4. National Library of Medicine. Blood typing: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [Internet]. Medlineplus.gov. 2022.  Available from:  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003345.htm